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In Times Past
an eBook on CD
by Carol Hurst and Rebecca Otis

Integrating US History with Literature in Grades 3-8.

Enliven your US History curriculum!

Teach US History using great kids books.

More Info

Cities and Towns

This is an excerpt from Open Books: Literature in the Curriculum Kindergarten through Grade Two published by Linworth (ISBN 0938865773. Order Online or call Linworth at 1-800-786-5017. ) by Carol Otis Hurst.

This theme in which towns and cities are explored can become a chance to compare one's own environment with that of others. It can quickly branch off into other themes such as neighborhoods, transportation, and international cities.

Picture Book Starter: Let's start with bragging and look at Byrd Baylor's The Best Town in the World (Illustrated by Ronald Himler. Simon, 1983 ISBN 0684180359. Order Online, Library Binding, Paperback.). In this idealized town that the author's father remembered from his childhood, everything was perfect. The description of life in and around that town should get children comparing it with their own towns and cities, although of course, none will be able to be as perfect as this one.

ACTIVITIES

Finding Details
Read the book The Best Town in the World. In the town the author describes there were lots of things that children could and did do. Make a list of those things:

• Swing on wild grapevines
• Hunt for arrowheads
• Eat sweet potato pie
• Pick wild blackberries
• Herd goats
• Climb trees
• Catch fireflies
• Carry water from the well
• Swim in the creek
• Go to school
• Eat milk and bread for supper
• Eat supper in a tree
• Buy candy
• Shop in a store
• Celebrate July 4th
• Eat
  • Fried chicken
  • Chile con carne
  • Black-eyed peas
  • Corn on the cob
  • Corn bread sticks
  • Biscuits
  • Frijoles
  • Squash and turnip greens
  • Watermelon pickles
  • Dumplings
  • Fritters
  • Stews
  • Chocolate cake
  • Pie
• Tell time by the sun
• Predict the weather from the stars
• Tell what to plant by the moon
• Fly kites
• Jump rope
• Blow whistles
• Walk on stilts
• Play with bows and arrows
• Play with rag dolls
• Spin tops
• Play bamboo flutes
• Play checkers

Comparing & Contrasting Make copies of that list you made of things children did in that town. How many of those things can you do in your town or city?

Beside each thing you think you cannot do that's on the list, put the reason why you cannot.

Make a list of the things that you do that the people in Byrd Baylor's town could not do. Remember that they were probably living at the turn of the century.

In the town in the book, people celebrate Texas Independence Day and the Fourth of July. What things does your town celebrate? How do they celebrate it? Can you be part of that celebration?

Read the book Night City listed below. It contrasts directly with The Best Town in the World because it takes place in a busy city. The concentration is on night workers but much of the activity in a big city is touched upon in some way in the book. Discuss the different lives people there lead.

Taking Surveys Use that first list to conduct a survey in your household. How many people living in your house have done each of those things? Combine your survey with those of the others in the class. Which of those things to do has been done by the most people?

Categorizing Divide the books listed below and other books you have found that apply to this theme. Divide them into city and country books. Find the one that comes closest to the place where you live.

SOCIAL STUDIES

What are some things that your town or city could do or have that would make it better? Why haven't they been done? Write letters to or visit the mayor of your town to find out how possible those things are for your town or city.

Think of a town or a city you have heard about that is far away from where you live. Choose one that you think you might like to live in some day. Make sure that no one else in the classroom has chosen the same city. Conduct research on that place. Find it on a map. Mark it on a big display map on the bulletin board. Find out what language people speak there. Look at videos and nonfiction books that describe your town or city.

Write a brochure describing your city as "The Best City in the World".

List some of the jobs that could be done in a city that could not be done in a small town. Make another list of jobs that can be done in a small town that could not or would not be done in a city. Which list is longer?

MATH

Find out how far away the place you choose is from where you now live. How many days or hours would you have to travel to get there by plane, by car, by boat or on foot.

ART

Use newspapers as paper and cut out shapes of city buildings from them. Make a mural by pasting those buildings on a background of black or red paper. Use markers to make the effect more pleasing.

Use newspapers as the background of a bulletin board and use red or black paper to cut out shapes of city buildings. Which effect do you like best?

Book List:

Fiction

Baker, Jeannie. Home in the Sky. Greenwillow, 1984 ISBN 0688038417. Order Online.
Mike cares for the pigeons on the roof of his apartment building in the city. One pigeon, Light, flies over the city and we see it through Light's eyes.

Baylor, Byrd. The Best Town in the World. Illustrated by Ronald Himler. Simon, 1983 ISBN 0684180359. Order Online, Library Binding, Paperback.).
Maybe Byrd Baylor's father exaggerated just a bit when he told her about the town he grew up in. What we get is an ideal place to live at the turn of the century.

Brett, Jan. Town Mouse, Country Mouse. Putnam, 1994 ISBN 0399226222. Order Online, Library Binding.
Brett adds a bit to the traditional tale. A country owl and a city cat later pick up the house-swapping idea.

Bunting, Eve. Secret Place. Clarion, 1996 ISBN 0395643678. Order Online, Hardcover.
This little bit of nature along a river is hidden within the busy city but some people and animals are nourished by it.

Burton, Virginia Lee. The Little House. Houghton, 1978 ISBN 039525938X. Order Online, Paperback, Library Binding, Cassette.
This classic shows the "progress" of a city through the eyes of a little house who first stands out in the country and is gradually surrounded by the city.

Dorros, Arthur. Abuela. Dutton, 1991 ISBN 0525447504. Order Online, Library Binding, Paperback.
We travel with Rosalba as she imagines a flight with her grandmother over New York City. (See also Flight)

Egan, Tim. Chestnut Cove. Houghton, 1995 ISBN 0395698235. Order Online, Library Binding, Paperback.
Chestnut Cove was an ideal town in which to live until the king announced a contest of watermelon growing.

Geisert, Bonnie. Prairie Town. Houghton, 1998 ISBN 0395859077. Order Online, Hardcover.
We watch a prairie town through one year observing many changes as it slowly grows.

Jakobsen, Kathy. My New York. Little, 1993 ISBN 0316456535. Order Online, Library Binding.
Knowing that her friend is about to move to New York City, Becky writes her a letter giving her a tour of her favorite places in New York.

Johnson, Stephen T. Alphabet City. Viking, 1995 ISBN 0670856312. Order Online, Library Binding, Paperback.
Letters of the alphabet are found amid the cityscape.

Johnston, Tony. The Last Snow of Winter. Morrow, 1993 ISBN 0688107494. Order Online.
Here's the concept of small town as large neighborhood. A famous artist comes to town and creates an artistic snowman for the village with the first snow of winter. By the time of the last snow of that winter, the artist is ill so the villagers create a snowman for him.

Keats, Ezra Jack. Goggles! Puffin, 1987 ISBN 0140564403. Order Online, Paperback, Library Binding, Cassette.
Peter and his friend find a pair of goggles and some neighborhood bullies decide to take them away.

Komaiko, Leah. On Sally Perry's Farm. Simon, 1996 ISBN 0689800835. Order Online, Paperback.
It isn't until the end of this book that we find that Sally's farm is just a patch of land in a busy city.

Kovalski, Maryan. Wheels on the Bus. Little, 1987 ISBN 0316502596. Order Online, Paperback.
The familiar song is placed within a plot. A grandmother and the kids have been on a shopping excursion. As they wait for the bus, Grandma starts the song and soon everyone joins in.

Levitin, Sonia. Boom Town. Illustrated by Cat Bowman Smith. Orchard, 1998 ISBN 0531300439. Order Online, Library Binding, Hardcover.
It's the time of the California gold rush and Amanda's father searches for gold all week, coming home only for the weekend. Amanda begins baking pies and her father sells them amongst the miners. Soon she's got a thriving business and a whole town grows up to serve the miners. More on the Gold Rush.

Macaulay, David. City: A Story of Roman Planning & Construction. Houghton, 1983 ISBN 0395349222. Order Online, Paperback, Hardcover.
We watch the planning and development of one mythical city in great detail both visually and textually.

Macaulay, David. Rome Antics. Houghton, 1997 ISBN 0395822793. Order Online, Hardcover.
In an almost wordless book we follow the flight of a pigeon through the modern city of Rome. (See also Flight)

McCloskey, Robert. Make Way for Ducklings. Viking, 1941 ISBN 0670451495. Order Online, Hardcover, Paperback, Cassette.
In this classic Mr. And Mrs. Mallard attempt to raise their family in the city of Boston.

Ringgold, Faith. Tar Beach. Crown, 1991 ISBN 0517580306. Order Online, Hardcover, Paperback.
Like Rosalba in Abuela, Cassie dreams of flying over NYC. She calls the rooftop of her apartment building "Tar Beach" and from it she looks down over that city.

Rogers, Paul & Emma. Cat's Kittens. Illustrated by Sophy Williams. Viking, 1996 ISBN 067086255X. Order Online, Hardcover.
A mother cat raises her family in an alley and one by one, each kitten goes its own way.

Sorensen, Henri. New Hope. Lothrop, 1995 ISBN 0688139256. Order Online, Hardcover, Paperback.
This small town, founded by a man who broke a wagon axle there, is a microcosm for the development of the west.

Wellington, Monica. Night City. Dutton, 1998 ISBN 0525459480. Order Online, Hardcover.
The concept of time stands behind this one as a city wakes up just as we go to bed. One by one we see each night worker through the night until dawn when we get up.

Yolen, Jane. Letting Swift River Go. Illustrated by Barbara Cooney. Little, 1992 ISBN 0316968609. Order Online, Paperback.
Several small towns were flooded in a WPA project of the 30s to create a large reservoir. Based on fact, this tells the story from the point of view of one child growing up in one of those towns. More information including activities, related books and links.

Poetry

Greenfield, Eloise. Night on Neighborhood Street. Puffin, 1991 ISBN 0140556834. Order Online, Paperback, Hardcover.
These short city poems celebrate the city and give us both its pluses and minuses.

Hughes, Langston. The Block. Illustrated by Romare Bearden Viking, 1995 ISBN 067086501X. Order Online, Library Binding.
Bearden's paintings are like posters, interpreting the poems with bold strokes.

Yolen, Jane. Sky Scrape/City Scrape: Poems of City Life. Boyds Mills, 1996 ISBN 1563971798. Order Online, Library Binding.
There are many good city poems in this book.

Nonfiction

Henderson, Kathy. A Year in the City. Illustrated by Paul Howard. Candlewick, 1996 ISBN 1564028720. Order Online, Hardcover.
This book about the seasons shows the subtle as well as the more obvious signs of each time.

Lewin, Ted. Market! Lothrop, 1996 ISBN 0688121616. Order Online, Hardcover.
The text is brief but the illustrations are full of details of the city markets in Ecuador, Nepal, Ireland, Uganda and the U.S.

Nikola-Lisa, W. One Hole in the Road. Illustrated by Dan Yaccarino Holt, 1997 ISBN 0805042857. Order Online, Hardcover.
This counting book shows many city workers around a construction site.

Related Areas of Carol Hurst's Children's Literature Site

• The Man Who Walked Between the Towers. Featured Book with activities, related books and links.
• Open Books: Literature in the Curriculum Kindergarten through Grade Two professional book by Carol Otis Hurst. Ordering information and other sample chapters.
• Buildings and Architecture. Books and activities.
• Farms and Children's Literature. Books and activities.
• Rivers and Children's Literature. Books and activities.
• Letting Swift River Go by Jane Yolen. Featured Book with activities, related books and links.
• Books set in Schools.
• Work and Occupations. Books and activities.
• US History and Children's Literature. Books, articles, activities and more.

Related Areas on the Internet

• A map making art activity, A Map of Your Community from The Art Room web site. (http://www.arts.ufl.edu/art/rt_room/sparkers/community_map/map.html).
• Amazon.com Bookstore's listing of Byrd Baylor's books.